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Deriving metrics from traces

You can use OpenSearch Data Prepper to derive metrics from OpenTelemetry traces. The following example pipeline receives incoming traces and extracts a metric called durationInNanos, aggregated over a tumbling window of 30 seconds. It then derives a histogram from the incoming traces.

The pipeline contains the following pipelines:

  • entry-pipeline – Receives trace data from the OpenTelemetry collector and forwards it to the trace_to_metrics_pipeline pipeline.

  • trace-to-metrics-pipeline - Receives the trace data from the entry-pipeline pipeline, aggregates it, and derives a histogram of durationInNanos from the traces based on the value of the serviceName field. It then sends the derived metrics to the OpenSearch index called metrics_for_traces.

entry-pipeline:
  source:
    otel_trace_source:
      # Provide the path for ingestion. ${pipelineName} will be replaced with pipeline name.
      # In this case it would be "/entry-pipeline/v1/traces". This will be endpoint URI path in OpenTelemetry Exporter configuration.
      path: "/${pipelineName}/v1/traces"
  sink:
    - pipeline:
        name: "trace-to-metrics-pipeline"

trace-to-metrics-pipeline:
  source:
    pipeline:
      name: "entry-pipeline"
  processor:
    - aggregate:
        # Pick the required identification keys
        identification_keys: ["serviceName"]
        action:
          histogram:
            # Pick the appropriate values for each of the following fields
            key: "durationInNanos"
            record_minmax: true
            units: "seconds"
            buckets: [0, 10000000, 50000000, 100000000]
        # Specify an aggregation period
        group_duration: "30s"
  sink:
    - opensearch:
        ...
        index: "metrics_for_traces"

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